courses:207a:aeromed
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courses:207a:aeromed [2018/11/01 14:36] evan |
courses:207a:aeromed [2018/11/01 15:01] (current) evan [Decision Making and Judgment] |
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| ===== Physiological Aspects of Night Flight ===== | ===== Physiological Aspects of Night Flight ===== | ||
| + | ==== Night Vision Blind Spots ==== | ||
| + | |||
| + | Rods are 10,000 more sensitive to light than cones. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Must look 5 degrees off center to see an object at night ( | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==== Dark Adaptation ==== | ||
| + | |||
| + | The rods can take approximately 30 minutes to fully adapt to darkness. (PHAK Ch 17) | ||
| + | |||
| + | Exposure to bright light can reset dark adaptation. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==== Stress At Night ==== | ||
| + | |||
| + | Night flight can be more fatiguing and stressful than day flight, and many self- imposed stressors can limit night vision. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==== Drugs ==== | ||
| + | |||
| + | Effects of drugs & alcohol are worse at night. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==== Fatigue/Exhaustion ==== | ||
| + | |||
| + | Pilots who become fatigued during a night flight will not be mentally alert and will respond more slowly to situations requiring immediate action. Exhausted pilots tend to concentrate on one aspect of a situation without considering the total requirement. | ||
| + | |||
| + | **Insufficient consumption of vitamin A may also impair night vision** | ||
| ===== Hypoxia, Hyperventilation, and Carbon Monoxide Poisoning ===== | ===== Hypoxia, Hyperventilation, and Carbon Monoxide Poisoning ===== | ||
| See [[topics:hypoxia_hyperventilation_co]] | See [[topics:hypoxia_hyperventilation_co]] | ||
| + | |||
| ===== Oxygen Requirements ===== | ===== Oxygen Requirements ===== | ||
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| * Delayed signs and symptoms of altitude-induced DCS can occur after return to ground level regardless of | * Delayed signs and symptoms of altitude-induced DCS can occur after return to ground level regardless of | ||
| * presence during flight. | * presence during flight. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==== Flying after Scuba Diving ==== | ||
| + | |||
| + | The recommended waiting time before going to flight altitudes of up to 8,000 feet is at least **12 hours** after diving that does not require controlled ascent (non-decompression stop diving), and at least **24 hours** after diving that does require controlled ascent (decompression stop diving). The waiting time before going to flight altitudes **above 8,000 feet should be at least 24 hours** after any scuba dive. | ||
| ===== Middle Ear and Sinus Problems ===== | ===== Middle Ear and Sinus Problems ===== | ||
| + | During a climb, middle ear air pressure may exceed the pressure of the air in the external ear canal causing the eardrum to bulge outward. Pilots become aware of this pressure change when they experience alternate sensations of fullness or clearing. Resolve by holding your nose and blowing. | ||
| + | |||
| + | "Sinus block” occurs most frequently during descent. Slow descent rates can reduce the associated pain. A sinus block can occur in the frontal sinuses, located above each eyebrow, or in the maxillary sinuses, located in each upper cheek. It usually produces excruciating pain over the sinus area. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Do not fly with upper respiratory infections or sinus infections to avoid Sinus Block. | ||
| ===== Stress, Fatigue, and Dehydration ===== | ===== Stress, Fatigue, and Dehydration ===== | ||
| + | |||
| + | Stress is the body’s response to physical and psychological demands placed upon it. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Stress falls into two broad categories: acute (short term) and chronic (long term). | ||
| + | |||
| + | Examples of stressors include **physical stress** (noise or vibration), **physiological stress** (fatigue), and | ||
| + | **psychological stress** (difficult work or personal situations). | ||
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| **61.53** prohibits acting as pilot-in-command or in any other capacity as a required pilot flight crewmember, while that person: | **61.53** prohibits acting as pilot-in-command or in any other capacity as a required pilot flight crewmember, while that person: | ||
| - | - Knows or has reason to know of any medical condition | + | - Knows or has reason to know of any medical condition that would make the person unable to meet the requirement for the medical certificate necessary for the pilot operation, or |
| - | that would make the person unable to meet the | + | - Is taking medication or receiving other treatment for a medical condition that results in the person being unable to meet the requirements for the medical certificate necessary for the pilot operation. |
| - | requirement for the medical certificate necessary for | + | |
| - | the pilot operation, or | + | |
| - | - Is taking medication or receiving other treatment for | + | |
| - | a medical condition that results in the person being | + | |
| - | unable to meet the requirements for the medical | + | |
| - | certificate necessary for the pilot operation. | + | |
| **91.17** prohibits the use of **any drug that affects the person’s faculties in any way contrary to safety**. | **91.17** prohibits the use of **any drug that affects the person’s faculties in any way contrary to safety**. | ||
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| Flying is almost always precluded while using prescription analgesics, such as drugs containing propoxyphene (e.g., Darvon), oxycodone (e.g., Percodan), meperidine (e.g., Demerol), and codeine, since these drugs are known to cause side effects, such as mental confusion, dizziness, headaches, nausea, and vision problems. (PHAK Ch 17) | Flying is almost always precluded while using prescription analgesics, such as drugs containing propoxyphene (e.g., Darvon), oxycodone (e.g., Percodan), meperidine (e.g., Demerol), and codeine, since these drugs are known to cause side effects, such as mental confusion, dizziness, headaches, nausea, and vision problems. (PHAK Ch 17) | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==== Alcohol ==== | ||
| + | |||
| + | Alcohol is a sedative and its use impairs both coordination and judgment. As a result, pilots who are impaired by alcohol fail to apply the proper techniques of night vision. They are likely to stare at objects and to neglect scanning techniques. The amount of alcohol consumed determines the degree to which night vision is affected. The effects of alcohol are long lasting and the residual effects of alcohol can also impair visual scanning efficiency. (PHAK Ch 17) | ||
| ===== Decision Making and Judgment ===== | ===== Decision Making and Judgment ===== | ||
| + | {{ :courses:207a:accidentstats.jpg?nolink&200 |}} | ||
| + | [[courses:201b:ground:adm|AF 201B Unit 24 Orientation Lesson 9 - ADM]] | ||
| ===== Hazardous Attitudes ===== | ===== Hazardous Attitudes ===== | ||
| + | See [[courses:201b:ground:adm|AF 201B Unit 24 Orientation Lesson 9 - ADM]] | ||
courses/207a/aeromed.1541082967.txt.gz · Last modified: 2018/11/01 14:36 by evan
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