Differences

This shows you the differences between two versions of the page.

--- topics:multi_aerodynamics [2019/04/28 21:02]
evan created
+++ topics:multi_aerodynamics [2019/04/29 00:21] (current)
evan [CAR Part 3 (1949)]
@@ Line 19: / Line 19: @@
 The left engine is critical (typically) because...
-...P-Factor -- Asymmetrical prop thrust on right (working) engine is further from centerline of the aircraft.
+...**P-Factor** -- Asymmetrical prop thrust on right (working) engine is further from centerline of the aircraft.
-...Accellerated Slipstream -- The working engine pushes air across the wing behind it. Due to p-factor, the right engine creates more lift on the outboard section of the right wing than the inboard, therefore rolling the aircraft left. Additionally, less down-force is produced by the tail, making the aircraft pitch down.
+...**Accelerated Slipstream** -- The working engine pushes air across the wing behind it. Due to p-factor, the right engine creates more lift on the outboard section of the right wing than the inboard, therefore rolling the aircraft left. Additionally, less down-force is produced by the tail, making the aircraft pitch down.
-...Slipstream -- the right engine's slipstream doesn't hit the tail (like the left engine's does), so it doesn't counteract any yawing moment.
+...**Slipstream** -- the right engine's slipstream doesn't hit the tail (like the left engine's does), so it doesn't counteract any yawing moment.
-...Torque -- the engines turn to the right, rolling the aircraft to the left.
+...**Torque** -- the engines turn to the right, rolling the aircraft to the left.
@@ Line 59: / Line 59: @@
   * It must be possible to maintain heading ±°20
+===== FAR Part 23 Requirements =====
+<note tip>There is nothing in 14 CFR part 23 that requires a multiengine airplane to maintain altitude while in the takeoff or landing configuration with OEI. (AFH Ch 12)</note>
+The current 14 CFR part 23 single-engine climb performance requirements for reciprocating engine-powered multiengine airplanes are as follows.
+**More than 6,000 pounds maximum weight and/or VSO more than 61 knots**: the single-engine rate of
+climb in feet per minute (fpm) at 5,000 feet mean sea level (MSL) must be equal to at least .027 Vso 2.
+For airplanes type certificated February 4, 1991, or thereafter, the climb requirement is expressed in terms
+of a climb gradient, 1.5 percent. The climb gradient is not a direct equivalent of the .027 VSO 2 formula.
+Do not confuse the date of type certification with the airplane’s model year. The type certification basis of
+many multiengine airplanes dates back to the Civil Aviation Regulations (CAR) 3.
+**6,000 pounds or less maximum weight and VSO 61 knots or less**: the single-engine rate of climb at
+,000 feet MSL must simply be determined. The rate of climb could be a negative number. There is no
+requirement for a single-engine positive rate of climb at 5,000 feet or any other altitude. For light-twins
+type certificated February 4, 1991, or thereafter, the single-engine climb gradient (positive or negative) is
+simply determined.
+===== FAR/CAR Regulations Applied to C310R =====
+==== CAR Part 3 (1949) ====
+§ 3.83 Stalling speed. **Vso at maximum weight shall not exceed 70 miles per hour (59.5kt)** for (1) single-engine airplanes and (2) **multiengine airplanes which do not have the rate of climb with critical engine inoperative specified in §3.85 (b)**.
+(b) Climb with inoperative engine. All muliengine airplanes having a stalling speed Vso greater than 70 miles per hour or a maximum weight greater than 6,000 pounds shall have a **steady rate of climb of at least 0.02 Vso** in feet per minute at an altitude of 5,000 feet with the critical engine inoperative and:
+  - The remaining engines operating at not more than maximum continuous power,
+  - The inoperative propeller in the minimum drag position,
+  - Landing gear retracted,
+  - Wing flaps in the most favorable position,
+  - Cowl flaps in the position used in cooling tests specified in §§ 3.581-3.596.
+Vso = 72kt = 83mph -> Climb Required: 1.66fpm

Evan's CFI Notebook

User Tools

Site Tools

Differences

Page Tools